An adhesive is any substance that creates a bond between either the surface of a material and the adhesive itself or between the surfaces of two different materials. The purpose of this bond is to resist any forces that try to separate the objects that have been bonded together. Common forms that adhesives may take are glue, paste, laminates, cement, mortar, or the adhesive backing of tapes and seals. Adhesives are an attractive option for binding because they offer the ability to easily bind different materials together, are generally inexpensive, and efficiently distribute stress over a large area.
Adhesive Testing:
The purpose of adhesive testing is to determine whether or not a substance is suitable for a particular application. Many adhesives are subject to a wide range of forces and stresses during their lifetime but will most commonly experience shear, tension, peel, or any combination of these. Testing adhesives using these forces will reveal its strength which may be summarized by its tensile strength, shear strength and peel strength which are each effectively the point at which the adhesive fails due to those forces. During the adhesive testing one of three failures will occur. The adhesive may fail in cohesion, where the actual adhesive is ruptured, or in adhesion, where the adhesive is separated cleanly from the bonded surface, or a mixture of both adhesion and cohesion.
Adhesive Testing Specimens:
The forms the adhesive may take are the bond between two flexible substrates, two rigid substrates, or a flexible and rigid substrate. These three forms generally require universal test machines to determine the strength of the adhesive.
Common Adhesive Test Methods:
There are many different methods for the testing of adhesives but the most popular involve tensile, shear and peel forces. The tensile testing of adhesives is generally performed for two different situations: the bonding of two rigid substrates and the bonding of a flexible and rigid substrate.
Tensile testing two rigid substrates bonded together with an adhesive requires that both substrates be gripped properly and pulled apart at a constant rate until either the adhesive or the substrates fail. For a flexible to rigid bonded assembly a loop tack test is used for the testing of tensile properties. The rigid substrate is gripped at the bottom while the flexible substrate is formed into a loop with the adhesive facing out and gripped from above. The flexible surface is then adhered to the rigid surface and then pulled straight up so that the two materials are separated cleanly.
Shear testing of adhesives generally involves a single or double lap joint and a universal shear testing machine. The adhesive is applied to the joint between the two materials so that one continuous length is formed. The two ends of the new sample are then placed into their respective grips in the shear tester. The tensile shear tester is then used to apply a load to the joint until it is ruptured in shear.
A peel test is used for the testing of the bond of the adhesive between a flexible substrate and rigid substrate or two flexible substrates. When a flexible material is bonded to a rigid material either a 90 or 180 degree peel test will be used. These two tests involve the flexible substrate to be bent to the required angle and then pulled away from the rigid substrate breaking the adhesive bond between the two. If two flexible substrates are bonded together the common test method is the T peel test in which the sample is loaded into a tensile tester in a manner that causes one substrate to point upwards and the other to point downwards effectively forming a “T” at the joint. The peel tester then pulls the two substrates away from each other destroying the bond in the process.
Overall, adhesive material testing is a valuable tool for ensuring the quality and reliability of adhesive bonds. By testing adhesives, manufacturers can help to improve the performance and safety of their products.
Popular Testing Applications
ASTM D3330 is one of the more popular testing standards to determine the adhesive ...
PSTC-101 is a standard test method to measure peel adhesion strength in pressure s...
ASTM D903 is a standard test procedure to determine the comparative peel or stripp...
Peel testing of adhesive and pressure sensitive tapes is used for quality assuranc...
Peel testing typically involves several variables which must be managed in order t...
Loop tack tests provide the means of assessing the most important and yet the hard...
ASTM D3167 is a standard test procedure used to measure the average peel strength ...
ISO 10123 applies to anaerobic curing liquid adhesives used for locking and sealin...
ASTM D2979 determines the pressure-sensitive tack of adhesives. This test method d...
ASTM D1781 is a standard test to determine the peel resistance of adhesive bonds o...
ASTM D1876 is a test method used to measure the peel separation strength between t...
Bond Strength of Labels per ASTM D6252, ASTM D903 & ASTM D6195
Ensuring produc...
ASTM D6862 covers the determination of the resistance-to-peel strength of an adhes...
ASTM D1062 tests determine the cleavage strength of metal-to-metal adhesive bonds ...
FTM-1 quantifies the permanence of adhesion or peelability of self-adhesive pressu...
Peel adhesion can be measured using standards provided by FINAT, an international ...
A manufacturer of dual pane windows needed to test the tensile bond strength of ad...
BS 6319-3 tests rectangular prisms under four point loading. Keywords: Plastics; P...
ASTM D897 determines comparative tensile properties of the adhesive bonds of metal...
ASTM D6252 measures the peel adhesion of pressure-sensitive label stocks. In this ...
T-peel tests determine the relative peel resistance of adhesive bonds between thin...
ASTM D6195 is a standard test method to determine the peel strength of pressure-se...
Specifies methods for determining characteristics for adhesives used in the instal...
ASTM F2258 is intended to provide a means for comparison of the adhesive strengths...
ASTM C1135 measures the tensile adhesion properties of structural sealants. Other ...
Loop tack tests provide the means of assessing the most important and yet the hard...
FTM 11 describes a technique whereby the effect of the release surface on the adhe...
The purpose of this test is to compare the adhesive response of different laminate...
Shear loads in wood beams are typically largest at beam supports and adhesive join...
ASTM D3759 covers the measurement of tensile strength and elongation properties fo...
International testing standards organizations work to ensure product labels and ta...
ASTM C961 determines the lap shear strength of sealants. It also provides informat...
ASTM F2255 determines the means for comparison of the adhesive strengths of tissue...
ASTM D2095 determines the relative tensile strength of adhesives by the use of bar...
ASTM D4501 describes a procedure and fixture used to determine shear strengths of ...
ISO 8339 specifies a method for the determination of the tensile properties includ...
The axially loaded butt joint test can provide useful data on the elastic static o...
ISO 13445 specifies a method for the determination of the shear strength of adhesi...
ASTM D3528 covers the determination of the tensile shear strengths of adhesives fo...
ASTM D905 covers the determination of the comparative shear strengths of adhesive ...
FTM 3 is used to determine the force required to separate the release backing from...
ASTM D3166 determines the fatigue strength in shear by tension loading of adhesive...
This ASTM D3165 shear adhesives test method is intended for determining the compar...
ASTM F 2458 (F-2458) pertains to tissue adhesives which are becoming more prevalen...
ASTM C557 adhesive test of wallboard wood framing specification covers the minimum...
ASTM D5656 covers the preparation and testing of thick-adherend lap-shear samples ...
Determining how to test the bond strength between an adhesive and metal involves a...
ISO 6922 Adhesives -- Determination of tensile strength of butt joints
Give our t...
Epoxy's, glues, and plastic welders are used in a wide variety of application that...
Determination of peel resistance of high-strength adhesive bonds by floating-rolle...
ASTM D5751 determines the adhesives to be used in laminate joints in nonstructural...
The test method specified in ISO 11339 is used to determine the peel strength of a...
Peel adhesion testing for tape is done with four different techniques which mimic ...
ASTM D3807 determines strength properties of adhesives in cleavage peel by tension...
ASTM D3433 determines the fracture strength in cleavage of adhesives when tested o...
ISO 14916 determines the tensile adhesive strength of thermally sprayed deposits. ...
The single lap shear test is very common test of the strength of adhesive bonds in...
Specifies two methods for the determination of the tensile-impact strength of plas...
ASTM D3498 determines the test requirements for gap-filling construction adhesives...
ISO 15908 Adhesives thermoplastic piping Test Equipment
Gives guidelines for the selection, by means of delamination-resistance tests, of ...
ISO 29864 specifies methods to measure the breaking strength and elongation at bre...
Specifies equipment and procedures for determining the tensile bond strength of th...
ISO 11343 specifies a dynamic impact wedge method for the determination of the cle...
EN 1939 is used to investigate the peel adhesion properties of self-adhesive tapes...
Peel adhesion strength is an important identifier for the correct use and quality ...
Tissue adhesives are used in bandages, wound closure and surgical sealants. Based ...
Tack measurement for pressure-sensitive adhesives allow for the determination of a...
Popular Test Machines
Tabletop Dual Column Universal Test Machine
High Elongation Tabletop Universal Test Machine
Versatile Single Column Universal Test Machine
Popular Accessories
GD905-17 test fixture meets ASTM D905 requirements.
GD4501-1399 test fixture meets ASTM D4501 requirements.
GD1062-87 test fixture meets ASTM D1062 requirements.
GD3762-99 test fixture meets ASTM D3762 requirements.
GD3167-105 test fixture meets ASTM D3167 requirements.
GD2095-353 test fixture meets ASTM D2095 requirements.
GEN1372-192 test fixture meets DIN EN 1372 requirements for adhesion of a resilien...
GD2979-692 test fixture meets ASTM D2979 requirements.
GD6862-50 test fixture meets ASTM D6862 requirements for resistance-to-peel streng...
GD1037F8-16 test fixture meets ASTM D1037 FIG8 requirements.
GD897-832 test fixture meets ASTM D897 requirements.
GFTM1-49 test fixture meets FTM 1 requirements for 180 degree peel fixture adhesiv...
GD1781-115 test fixture meets ASTM D1781 requirements.
GAFE5001-989 sample roller meets Afera 5001 requirements.
GC736-504 test fixture meets ASTM C736 requirements.
GEN1464-105 test fixture meets DIN EN 1464 measure the average peel strength or fo...
GFTM9-864 test fixture meets Finat FTM 9 requirements for tack properties of press...
GPST101-989 sample roller meets PSTC 101 requirements.
GFTM4-49 test fixture meets FTM 4 requirements for 180 degree peel fixture adhesiv...
GISO10354-1455 test fixture meets DIN EN ISO 10354 requirements.
GISO813-50 test fixture meets ISO 813 requirements for 90 degree peel strength bet...
GD1002-154 test fixture meets ASTM D1002 requirements.
GEN14410-919 test fixture meets DIN EN 14410 requirements.
GISO13007-2-238 test fixture meets ISO 13007-2 requirements for transverse deforma...
GD6252-50 test fixture meets ASTM D6252 requirements.
GEN1939-989 sample roller meets DIN EN 1939 requirements.
GISO8510-50 test fixture meets ISO 8510-1 requirements.
GFTM2-50 test fixture meets FTM 2 requirements.
GEN12002-238 test fixture meets EN 12002 requirements for determining transverse d...
GEN1719-864 test fixture meets DIN EN 1719 requirements for tack properties of pre...
GEN1939-49 test fixture meets DIN EN 1939 requirements for peel adhesion propertie...
GC908-16 test fixture meets ASTM C908 requirements.
GD1000-581 test fixture meets ASTM D1000 FIG9 requirements.
GD3811-3 test fixture meets ASTM D3811 requirements.
GISO29022-633 test fixture meets DIN EN ISO 29022 requirements.
GD3330F-50 test fixture meets ASTM D3330F requirements.
GD3163-154 test fixture meets ASTM D3163 requirements.
GEN28510-50 test fixture meets EN 28510 requirements for 90 degree peel test for ...
GDIN53289-105 floating roller peel test fixture meets DIN 53289 requirements.
GFTM3-49 test fixture meets FTM 3 requirements for 180 peel fixture adhesive foil.
GD5179-865 test fixture meets ASTM D5179 requirements.
GD2095-353 test fixture meets ASTM D2095 requirements.
GEN1939-50 test fixture meets DIN EN 1939 FIGB1 requirements for peel adhesion tes...
GISO11405-543 test fixture meets ISO TS 11405 requirements.
GANSA118-534 test fixture meets ANSI A118.1 requirements.
GISO29862-50 test fixture meets DIN EN ISO 29862 requirements.
GEN12004-2-238 test fixture meets EN 12004-2 requirements for determining transver...
GGTF6004-989 sample roller meets GTF 6004 requirements.
GD5751-17 test fixture meets ASTM D5751 requirements.
GD3330-989 sample roller meets ASTM D3330 requirements.
GD6195-864 test fixture meets ASTM D6195 requirements.
GEN12004-16 test fixture meets EN 12004 requirements for tensile strength of adhes...
GEN1324F2-534 test fixture meets EN 1324 FIG2 requirements.
GEN1324F3-450 test fixture meets EN 1324 FIG3 requirements.
GISO4578-105 floating roller peel test fixture that meets ISO 4578 requirements fo...
GPSTC16-864 test fixture meets PSTC-16 requirements for loop tack tests.
GJISZ0237-989 sample roller meets JIS Z0237 requirements.
GISO4587-154 test fixture meets ISO 4587 requirements.
GISO8510-2-549 test fixture meets ISO 8510-2 requirements.
GEN14444-1455 test fixture meets DIN EN 14444 requirements.
GFTMSTD2.1-989 test fixture meets FINAT STD 2.1 requirements.
GD897-154 test fixture meets ASTM D897 requirements.
GC1135-832 test fixture meets ASTM C1135 requirements.
GEN12004F4-450 test fixture meets EN 12004 FIG4 requirements.
GEN2243-115 test fixture meets EN 2243 requirements.
GEN12003-534 test fixture meets NF EN 12003 requirements.
GD5868-154 test fixture meets ASTM D5868 requirements.
GISO29864B-919 test fixture meets EN ISO 29864 B requirements.
GC907 test fixture meets ASTM C907 requirements.
GJISC2107-989 sample roller meets JIS C2107 requirements.
GEN12003F3-450 test fixture meets EN 12003 FIG3 requirements.
GDIN53295-115 test fixture meets DIN 53295 requirements.
GKS2563-989 sample roller meets KS 2563 requirements.
GEN13007F10-450 test fixture meets ISO 13007 FIG10 requirements.
GISO13007F9-534 test fixture meets ISO 13007 FIG9 requirements.
GD3433-353 test fixture meets ASTM D3433 requirements.
GISO29862-989 sample roller meets DIN EN ISO 29862 requirements.
GD3759-919 test fixture meets ASTM D3759 requirements.
GC1404-913 test fixture meets ASTM C1404 requirements.