Composites are engineered materials consisting of two or more materials offering significantly different physical properties that remain separate and distinct on a macroscopic level within the finished structure. Both raw materials and the final component design are mechanically tested (tensile, torsion, compression, shear, flexural, fatigue) to aid in predicting and preventing failures.

Examples of composites include fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) include wood, carbon-fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), and glass-reinforced plastic (GRP). Composite matrixes include thermoplastic composites, short fiber thermoplastics, long fiber thermoplastics or long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics. Thermoset composites, or advanced composites may include aramid and carbon fibre in an epoxy resin matrix. Shape memory polymer composites are high-performance composites, formulated using fiber or fabric reinforcement and polymer resin as the matrix. Composites also use metal fibres reinforcing other metals, as in metal matrix composites or MMC. Ceramic matrix composites serve bone, Cermet (ceramic and metal) and concrete applications. Organic matrix/ceramic aggregate composites include asphalt concrete, mastic asphalt, mastic roller hybrid, dental composite, syntactic foam and mother of pearl. Thermoplastic composite materials can be used in place of traditional materials such as aluminum, stainless steel, brass, bronze, copper, lead, and even tungsten. Engineered wood generates low weight high rigidity products such as plywood, oriented strand board, wood plastic composite, Pykrete, plastic-impregnated or laminated paper or textiles, Arborite, Formica and Micarta.

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